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Vegetarianism, yes or no?

Follow-free diet foods of animal origin is a hotly debated topic among supporters and detractors of vegetarianism, and intrudes between the controversial aspects of Economy, Ecology and Bioethics.

Contrary to popular belief, the discussion on this issue is not unique to our day, for thousands of years ago the Greek philosopher and mathematician Pythagoras (580 to 500 BC, approximately) said: "Can be greater crime to enter entrails the very bowels, feeding greedily body with other bodies and keep killing life a being as you live? "turn Hellenic writer and historian Plutarch (46-120 AD) said" Since you claim that you are designed by nature to nourish with meat, kill yourself eat whatever you please. But do it with your own hands without the aid of knives, sticks or axes of any kind. "

But more than an ethical discussion on the multiple factors involved ideological vegetarianism has also been reviewed by Modern Medicine , to distinguish what are the pros and against this practice, food, and positive or negative impact that a system like this can have on humans.

favor

People who eat only plants are indeed some advantages over those who consume lots of meat, for example, are less prone to obesity, dyslipidemia rarely contract (increase of different types of fats blood) and have minimal risk of colon cancer. This is because:

* consume grain breads and cereals rather than refined products. * Dan
great importance to the nuts as a source of protein in a meal.
* Favor consumption of vegetables and pasta prepared from wheat flour.
* When you accept the consumption of milk, yogurt recommended feed.
* Saturated fats are virtually excluded from their diet.

Their rationale for excluding the meat can be summarized in the following postulates:

* The physique and teeth of man does not correspond to that of a carnivore.
* The digestive juices of human beings lack the acidity needed to digest meat.
* The decomposition of animal food produces toxins more dangerous than those of plants.
* Plant proteins are sufficient replacing the animal. Additionally

mention that vegetarians tend to restrict their consumption of meat also for ideological reasons, as postulated love and respect for all living beings, but also by socio-economic reasons, say most of the vegetables and cereal crops are ingested by animals to be slaughtered for human consumption, with all that food would help eradicate the problem of hunger and malnutrition in the world.


Against
From a nutritional standpoint, it has raised major objections to the list of vegetarian habits:

* The quality of protein of pulses is lower than those derived from animal foods, as well as their number is proportionally very low, so it would have to consume excessive quantities of plants to compensate for deficiencies.
* Vitamin B12 (and the complex B in general) is derived from animal foods, so vegetarians are lacking this important nutrient and, therefore, suffer from anemia and severe disorders of the nervous system in children may be delayed sexual maturation.
* In the most rigorous vegetarianism is lack of minerals but especially calcium deficiency occurs due to lack of milk, and zinc, as the high level of fiber prevents absorption. They can also express low levels of iron content in viscera and especially red meat.
* An individual will not be abolished by red meat, for example, children under eight years as your bowel is unable to conduct proper digestion of other protein sources such as legumes, and pregnant women, because the demands of iron and B complex are essential to prevent anemia and to ensure the proper development of your baby.

Also, although many vegetarians insist that their eating habits contribute to prolong his life, trials to date show no convincing data to substantiate this claim. Verdict



Today is talk of a dairy diet-ovo-vegetarian, which is less strict because the consumption of vegetables also include eggs and milk is a satisfactory alternative from the point of nutritionally that through the combination of these foods provides ideal replacements apparently as a source of iron and vitamin B12 is concerned, but whose effects still need to be observed and analyzed in the medium and long term.

Finally, just a curiosity. Supporters of strict vegetarianism argue that eating meat leads to violence and psychological problems as well, we should mention the name two celebrities who were fed exclusively with fruits, vegetables and grains to support the veracity of this claim: Mahatma Gandhi and Adolph Hitler. Indeed, through these characters we can infer that the strengths and weaknesses of human beings depend not only food, but many other factors.

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Implications of Bioethics in Nursing

must always impose a limit on the actions and decisions e nfermería its interaction with the user and this limit implies respect for freedom of decision the patient, the expression of s or personality in all its aspects as well as human and spiritual. You have the right to accept or refuse any treatment you suggest, and the only nurse obligation to explain and justify the need for the procedure to practice and if the case requires warning of the risks of rejecting the procedure. But even there, the patient is the sole owner of his life and decisions.

For example example: is it right to tell a pregnant woman who looks forward to her first child, the re its Ltado your ultrasound shows that the embryo has serious malformations UNSUPPORTED Services Available to life, is it right to inform a patient remaining few weeks of life due to poor terminal, is it suggest to a user right that the only chance at life that is left is to accept a transplanted organ donor which is an animal ?, or more so, is it ethically correct to accept that a mother is pregnant with the only cells to achieve them in another child who has leukemia? All these questions and many more are every day facing nurses around the world, because we who are in close relationship with the user, and who finally know each case personally and more intimately.

Another ethical dilemmas we face, from the point of view of society, is the high technology in the service of a few, or the increasing attention of foreigners at the expense of capacity care services. Unfortunately these are situations that prevail in developing countries.

been stereotyped uniting modern medicine greatly advanced technology, which has also helped to prioritize spending on health resources by concentrating on specialized hospital network in urban areas, neglecting the basic needs of rural areas. The value of technological progress can be judged by its contribution to improving the quality of life for all patients, without forgetting that in these times dehumanizing should fill the gap between our inner dimension of people and the attitude of humanity and empathy the user expects of us, with increasing insistence and demand.

We managed to be professionals of higher rank, but the higher it is, the stronger and deeper is our responsibility. As nurses it is our obligation to study, investigate and report on issues and ways of biomedicine, bioethics, political and rights pertaining to the promotion and defense of human dignity while monitoring compliance with ethical principles. Thus the practice of medicine and nursing become a contact between two value systems: one medical values \u200b\u200band secondly the user settings.

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favor and against therapeutic cloning

"Therapeutic cloning is to produce stem cells from the patient by the following procedure. It takes a cell endorsed anyone obviously need not be a stem cell. We made the nucleus with the chromosomes inside and throw everything else. Then get an unfertilized egg (preferably human but possibly animal) and pull its core with their chromosomes. We put the core of the patient's cells into the egg. Get an egg and a little confused, because it has not been fertilized by a sperm, but nevertheless has already completed all the pairs of chromosomes. Somehow, he gets the egg begins to divide. And this is what we wanted: the descendants of this egg are stem cells that have the same DNA as the patient (on chromosomes) and therefore will not cause rejection when injected. Possibly unnecessary clarification: in principle this is not related to genetic engineering, because genes do not change at all, changing the entire cell nucleus.

The list of devastating diseases that are believed to cure or alleviate may be using similar techniques include diabetes, cirrhosis, leukemia, osteoporosis, burns, Alzheirmer, Parkinson, Huntington, quadriplegia, some types of cancer, some heart and back ailments , and others.

Some arguments made by opponents of these techniques:

"It's an abortion, the murder of an innocent. "In the future
could find other cures that did not require stem cells, or that use stem cells that were not eggs, or may be given drugs to stimulate neurons or other cells to reproduce. Already been achieved "reprogram" stem cells from human bone marrow into nerve cells, and make certain nerve cells of rat stem cells. Making clones
"undermines human dignity, even if not meant that these embryos develop. "There will
women mistakenly believe that abortion is helping science, or that are justified in this.

Supporters of developing these techniques are not leave convinced by these reasons because:

-Researching these techniques will help you find exactly substitute procedures that would otherwise go undiscovered or be found later.
"In principle you could use other human stem cells such as bone marrow or umbilical cord. But in practice there are problems with both human and animal. Adult stem cells lose capacity, and those most amenable to these maneuvers are the eggs.
"Do not try to clone humans, these embryos have no chance to develop their own (would be implanted in a uterus). "The embryos used
so far come from experiments in vitro fertilization unfeasible, either because they lack chromosomes and could never develop, or because after a genetic analysis knows that these embryos would grow to have some deadly disease. It would therefore be legally abort if they were in a womb, and it seems logical that the laboratory is destroyed in a lawless.
"There is research that can be done with animals, but others are not. In particular, there are many human diseases without animal equivalent. Authorizing committees to conduct experiments in each case decide whether the use of human embryos is justified or not.

difficult to predict the future but it is interesting to note that all technical committees are for research adequately controlled. The story does not guide us, because human dignity is very capricious, remember the old arguments about dissection of corpses, blood donations, or the legalization of abortion and cannibalism or the death penalty. Pretend you never will abuse the new technology would be to ignore human nature, but to say that in the future things will be accepted now seem questionable would be oversimplifying the situation. The only thing that seems clear is that it is easier to solve technical problems have to agree. "

by Santiago Egido Arteaga

Milena Velba Naturals

Morality of abortion: survival with very few weeks. Speaking of euthanasia

The question of when life begins has been discussed for years and remains a subject on which members of society have opposing views. Probably never be possible to reach agreement on this issue ", British doctors said in their report, prepared for a possible legal reform in that country. Although there is no absolute answer, the scientific literature does provide some clues on these issues:

* When can you survive?
* When does the brain work?
* Do you have pain?
* How do you define the moral status of the fetus?

When can you survive?

Last year, Amillia, an American girl, born after 22 weeks in the womb and only 284 grams. This is an exceptional case, but the truth is that in recent times the limit of viability (ie, the threshold from which a newborn can survive in circumstances acceptable) has decreased dramatically. Fetal viability is not only a threshold changing over time, but it still depends on the individual case.

When does the brain work?

Unlike animals, human brain development is much slower and continues to form during childhood. However, towards the end of the second trimester of pregnancy begins to show some activity.

have seen that fetuses in the third quarter and have some ability to 'learn', ie to get used certain stimuli and even to respond to short-term memory. Thus, a study in fetuses of 35-36 weeks was that when repeatedly applied a vibration to the belly of the mother, and not as much as startled at the first opportunity. After 24 hours, seemed to recognize the sound. "Interpret there exists consciousness as we understand it is very difficult."

you in pain?

is considered that the fetus can feel pain from 26 weeks of gestation. At least in that time has the necessary circuitry to sense and produce a similar biochemical reactions to what we consider pain. However, just as we do not know how another person perceives the pain, we can not know how you feel a fetus.

Although you can not know for sure if once 'deployed circuit' the fetus actually feels pain, the scientific community has opted for "a principle of prudence." That is, when performing operations on the fetus prenatal given a cocktail of drugs that do not move, does not alter the heart rate and, if anything, does not suffer.

How do you define the moral status of the fetus?

Although science can give clues about the different stages of embryonic development, does not give a final answer to a multifaceted character issue.

Many people have difficulty in pointing out a stage where they believe the fetus achieves moral status and does not believe that lack of such consideration up to a certain stage of development, from which deserves full protection.


You can see in this gorgeous graphics as the embryo is formed in each of the stages of pregnancy and check the progress of their sensitivity over development in the womb.

This article was written by Isabel Espino and you can see it in January posted on the website www.elmundo.es

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: Eluana Englaro

The euthanasia is the termination deliberate taking of life of a patient in order to prevent further suffering. That is, it is understood as an action or omission which by its nature or by intention causes death, in order to eliminate any pain.

is good to stop and chemical, since the debate on misunderstandings arises from and often in terminology that conceals the true nature of the act. Thus, concepts like "right to life itself", "right to die with dignity", "die with dignity," the attempt to dignify conceal suicide and homicide cooperation with the bomber.

Within the ethical debates in the medical profession, euthanasia has a unique present. After years, a large literature has been published for and against. The discussion revolves around the tension between ethical imperatives to relieve suffering, particularly in terminally ill patients who take a conscious decision to end their lives, and the prohibition against the participation of doctors and other professionals in the control of a lifetime.

One of the classifications is the assisted suicide : means providing intentionally and with knowledge of a person means or process, or both needed to commit suicide, including advice on lethal doses of drugs, prescription these lethal drugs or their delivery. It poses as a desire to extinction imminent death, because life has lost reason of being or has been painfully hopeless. It is noteworthy that in this case is the patient who voluntarily and actively to end her life, hence the concept of suicide.

However this term is very topical lately due to the case of Eluana Englaro, 33, neuro-vegetative state irreversible since he had a car accident in 1992 and whose father was a Milan court authorized stop treatment that is alive. Against the same exponents of the Vatican expressed, including the president of the Episcopal Conference, Cardinal Angelo Bagnasco, who expressed "concern" about the possibility "to proceed to the loss of a life sentence."

The decision of the Court of Milan was appealed by the Prosecution, while the Italian Senate asked the Constitutional Court to rule on who has the assignment in cases of euthanasia, the legislature or the judiciary, as this issue is not regulated in the country.

The ruling and the case reopened and introduces Eluana legal developments on the possible granting of euthanasia in the country since two years ago, the Supreme Court had denied Englaro family resort. The Supreme Court specified that "currently there is a lack of legislation that provide the information in cases of request for suspension of medical treatment by guardians of the person in a coma no hope of improvement. "

" Unplug the machine, let my daughter die, have a little dignity, "he repeated over the years Beppino Englaro, who has written to all the Italian authorities calling for" termination the agony "for both Eluana and the rest of the people who are in this situation.